微腔共振结构彩色光伏器件的设计和制备
【摘要】目前国内光伏器件大多颜色单一，通常我们所见的器件都是蓝色或者黑色，随着技术的发展，也发展出来了多样化的需求，彩色的器件也就应用而生了。我们需要建更多的光伏电站，进行节能减排，在城市推广中却遇到了困难，美观与适配的问题难于解决。我们知道光伏建筑一体化，一直是众多光伏EPC所要的追求，我们想在成本可行范围内，尽量把光伏电站做得美观，与建筑更加协调美观。可受限于光伏组件的颜色和规格，很难做到光伏电站与建筑的风格一致。目前将光伏器件设计成彩色的方式有很多，但技术成熟度层次不齐，优缺点明显。
【关键词】彩色光伏器件 彩色 光伏电站
【Abstract】At present, most of the domestic photovoltaic devices are single color, usually the devices we see are blue or black, with the development of technology, also developed a variety of needs, color devices are born. We need to build more photovoltaic power stations for energy saving and emission reduction, but we encounter difficulties in urban promotion, and the problems of beauty and adaptation are difficult to solve. We know that the integration of photovoltaic buildings has always been the pursuit of many photovoltaic EPC projects. We want to make the photovoltaic power station as beautiful as possible within the feasible cost range, and make it more harmonious and beautiful with the buildings. Limited by the color and specification of photovoltaic modules, it is difficult to make the photovoltaic power station consistent with the architectural style. At present, there are many ways to design photovoltaic devices into color, but the technology maturity level is uneven, and the advantages and disadvantages are obvious.
【Keywords】colorful domestic photovoltaic devices; color; photovoltaic power stations
1 引言
彩色光伏器件传输的颜色和透明度对于建立集成光伏系统（BIPV）起着至关重要的作用，它可以改善美学特性，扩大应用场景。[1]作为新出现的光伏技术中的一项，半透明有机太阳能电池（ST-OSCs）因其惊人的特点被认为是最有前途的候选，它具有高透明度，可变颜色，低成本，易于制造的特点。
1.1 关于光伏器件
光伏器件即太阳能电池又称为“太阳能芯片”或“光电池”，是一种利用太阳光直接发电的光电半导体薄片。[2]它只要被满足一定照度条件的光照到，瞬间就可输出电压及在有回路的情况下产生电流。在物理学上称为太阳能光伏（Photovoltaic，缩写为PV），简称光伏。太阳能电池是通过光电效应或者光化学效应直接把光能转化成电能的装置。以光伏效应工作的晶硅太阳能电池为主流，而以光化学效应工作的薄膜电池实施太阳能电池则还处于萌芽阶段。
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